Combat Sports in the Process of Rehabilitation of Socially Maladjusted Person in the Light of Scientific Research
Abstract
The literature on the subject contains numerous suggestions concerning the involvement of incarcerated individuals in sports-related activities. When these activities are specified and focused on combat sports, they may provoke social anxiety and fear regarding public safety. Some opinions suggest that sports programs for socially maladjusted individuals might increase crime rates by grouping people with similar criminal issues, thereby reinforcing antisocial tendencies and facilitating the development of criminal subcultures. Thus, it seemed crucial to define the role of combat sports in the resocialization process of socially maladjusted individuals. To what extent do these sports contribute to correcting the personal competencies of individuals who have violated the law? To address these questions, an in-depth review of international and domestic research findings mainly published in English-language sources was conducted. The analyzed scientific reports included data both supporting and refuting the rehabilitative function of combat sports, and their analysis allowed for the formulation of conclusions. It turns out that combat sports, in the process of creative resocialization, do not become an autonomous or universal method of secondary socialization. They can complement existing educational measures that consider the potential of the individuals involved, their formal-legal penitentiary type (categorization), and the conditions and personal capabilities of a given institution. An essential aspect of this specific resocialization process through sport is the skillful management of the unique potential of socially maladjusted individuals.
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