Resocjalizacja Polska

From isolation to social readaptation

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Resocialization in the crisis of change

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The article is dedicated to the crisis of change in resocialization. It captures this crisis as a shift in social paradigms in the theoretical and practical aspects of educational upbringing, a change that triggers intellectual and cognitive resistance from both academia and practitioner educators. The paradigmatic shift in the space of resocialization pedagogy results in several faces of contemporary scientific reflection and resocialization practice at the turn of the centuries.

Schools at the Lukiškės Prison and the Prison at Ponarska Street in Vilnius in interwar period

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The time after Poland regained independence was the reconstruction of an independent state. It is also related, among other things, to the organization and development of the penitentiary system and a change in the manner of executing imprisonment from repressive to social rehabilitation. The new system included, among others: organization of prison
schools for convicts. The aim of the presented article is to show the organization, plans and teaching process, the characteristics of the teaching staff and the characteristics of convicts
at the prison school in Prison on Łukiszki and the school at the Prison on ul. Ponarska in Vilnius in the interwar period. These schools have not yet been researched and described. This became possible thanks to the analysis of archival materials collected in the Lithuanian Central State Archives in Vilnius. The paper is complementary in nature.

(Un)Safe School. Recognition Deficit as an Experience of Early School Socialization

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The article is an attempt to answer the question of whether school is, or perhaps can be, a space of recognition. Does the institution of school or its educational concept provide a real chance for recognition, and does it emerge in the mutual relationships of all participants in the educational processes? The search for answers to the question about relationships of recognition in Polish education and school will be based on the narratives of mothers of children starting school

Educational atmosphere as the basis of dynamic security in a penitentiary unit

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The penitentiary interventions aimed at fostering positive inmate activity towards their internal transformation (readaptation) and subsequent acceptance by the external — liberating environment (social reintegration) must take place in an appropriate educational setting. This setting should ensure an atmosphere conducive not only to isolation and disciplinary
goals but, above all, to educational and resocialization objectives. Dynamic security represents a unique philosophy for constructing security in prisons, grounded in subjective relationships between staff and inmates, actively preventing threats before they become dangerous and escalate. The article addresses the issues related to the possibilities and organizational and mental constraints influencing the implementation of dynamic security as a practice for shaping the proper educational atmosphere while maintaining safety conditions in penitentiary units.
Key words: educational atmosphere, dynamic security, penitentiary rehabilitation.

Utilizing questionnaires to assess outcomes and therapeutic alliance in penitentiary resocialization as a component of strengthening readiness for resocialization

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The aim of this article is to demonstrate the possibilities of using tools to measure outcomes and therapeutic alliance in resocialization work. The starting point is the Multifactor
Model of Offender Readiness, which allows capturing internal and external factors influencing the offender’s readiness to engage in resocialization interventions, ultimately leading
to effective resocialization. This concept also incorporates solutions proposed by S.D. Miller and B.L. Duncan, who created tools that allow gathering information about the individual’s
functioning in a very simple, accessible way for the participant. Based on this information, one can systematically assess the progress (or lack thereof) made by the individual. These tools also enable the determination of the quality of the therapeutic alliance, as while its presence does not determine effectiveness, its absence may reduce the efficiency of the
interventions conducted. In the final part of this article, preliminary research results regarding the potential application of the described tools in resocialization work with first-time incarcerated individuals are discussed.

Scale, resocialization outcomes.

Mentoring as a form of support for prisoners’ children

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Children of incarcerated individuals constitute an at-risk group vulnerable to exclusion, social maladjustment, and criminality. Interventions aimed at them primarily involve establishing community-based support networks and resources. Building supportive relationships within the community enables youth facing parental incarceration to overcome challenges. One such intervention is mentoring. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of evaluative research concerning mentor-mentee relationship-based programs. However, the studies conducted so far suggest that it can yield positive outcomes, mitigating some of the risks associated with parental incarceration.

Solution-Focused Approachin Preventing Challenging Behaviorsin Adolescent Groups

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The aim of this article is to present selected scientific research on the effective- ness of the Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) in working with adolescents. It also aims to highlight the positive aspects of SFBT and its potential applications in preventing so-called challenging behaviors in youth. Firstly, the basic assumptions of SFBT will be discussed, along with the methods and techniques that can be applied when working with adolescents. The article will also describe selected scientific studies and their results, emphasizing the benefits of using this approach, such as improved social relationships, the development of social skills

and stress coping mechanisms, as well as the cultivation of positive habits. The article has two main objectives: scientific and pragmatic. It seeks to provide a compre- hensive and organized overview of the available knowledge, facilitating its implementation by trained professionals

Sociotherapy in Day Care Facilities: Examining Sociotherapeutic Day Rooms in Gdańsk, Katowice and Poznań

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Sociotherapy as a form of helping practice is rapidly evolving. Sociotherapeutic day care facilities are places dedicated to conducting sociotherapeutic activities for children and youth. Therefore, the analysis aims to confront the definition of sociotherapy with the information about this form of therapy that individuals seeking assistance in a sociotherapy day facility can obtain from websites, social media profiles, and telephone conversations with staff members. The data collection method in this project is desk research supplemented with
information from the statements of people working in the researched facilities. The method of data analysis is template analysis. The analyses covered 40 socio-therapeutic day care
facilities in Gdańsk, Katowice, and Poznań. The information on how the establishments communicate about their work largely coincides with how sociotherapy is defined in the literature. The data obtained indicate, however, that sociotherapy, understood as a form of work with a small group based on a group process, is not the only form of help realized in day care facilities (and perhaps not the most important one) and that in-depth therapeutic work may not be realized in all centers due to the way work is organized.

Convicts’ Awareness of Post-Penitentiary Assistance

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The period leading up to a convict’s completion of their sentence holds immense significance, not only for the them but also for their family, and for society. During the period of serving the sentence, and especially in the last 6 months, actions are taken to prepare the convict for reintegration into society. With regard to the practice of post-penitentiary assistance, it is important for the convict to be aware of the possibilities and scope of post-penitentiary assistance they can receive. The article presents a fragment of research that was carried out for the needs of the Local Council for Social Readaptation and Assistance to Convicts, established by the Silesian Voivode, of which the author is a member.

What have we learned about the supervision of probation officers in connection with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic?

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, professional probation officers faced numerous difficulties in fulfilling their professional duties. They often faced the need to quickly adapt to new procedures while responding to the needs of the charges and fulfilling the tasks entrusted to them. The subject of the article and the presented changes focus on the educational potential of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its purpose is to present the experiences of respondents in conducting supervision during the COVID-19 pandemic and to indicate the changes in their performance that took place during that time. The article is empirical. The study was qualitative in nature. It involved 216 professional probation officers, including 109 family and juvenile probation officers and 107 probation officers from the penal division. The study used a questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions, constructed on the basis of unfinished sentences. The results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way probation officers function professionally and socially. As indicated by the statements of the surveyed probation officers, it was a difficult experience that had a significant impact on various spheres of their personal and professional life, both in the context of obstacles to overcome and stimulating the development of challenges. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate the circumstances that have arisen during a pandemic.

work.

Experiencing violence and abnormal personality development in adolescents

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In the literature on the subject and in clinical practice, the issue of personality disorders in children and adolescents appears more and more often, which so far has been discussed only in the context of adults, possibly recognizing their early symptoms in late adolescence. Studies show that behavioural patterns and developmental paths, manifesting themselves at different times and in different situations, can be symptoms of abnormal personality development. One of the most important sources of abnormal personality development is seen in victimization experiences. The aim of the study was therefore to establish the relationship between the experience of trauma and the symptoms of abnormal personality development in adolescence. The study involved 65 people aged 15–18 years (28 boys and 37 girls) in two study groups: (1) a clinical group – people at risk of maladjustment and socially maladjusted and (2) a control group – randomly selected high school students. The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) (Hamby, Finkelhor, Turner, Kracke, 2011) was used in the Polish adaptation (Makaruk, Włodarczyk, Wojcik, 2013) and the CBCL (The Child Behavior Checklist; Achenbach & Rescorla) in the Polish adaptation by T. Wolańczyk (2001). As a result of the conducted research, it has been shown that there are significant differences between the clinical group and the control group in terms of symptoms of antisocial, narcissistic, borderline and schizoid personality disorders. On the other hand, the differences between the symptoms of personality disorders taking into account the gender of the respondents indicate only significant results in terms of symptoms of antisocial personality Iwona Grzegorzewska, Beata Pastwa-Wojciechowska, Anna Deplewska-Spasow 170 (pp. 169–188) disorders. The obtained results allow to confirm the existing dependencies in the literature on the subject, indicating at the same time the need for differentiated impact depending on gender, type of disorder and trauma or traumas suffered.

Newcomer to juvenile rehabilitation work Becoming a juvenile counselor (case study analysis)

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The article undertaken focuses on the process of entering the role of a resocialization counselor from the perspective of newly hired individuals. Based on a case study analysis, the process of becoming a juvenile counselor in selected juvenile rehabilitation facilities was reconstructed. The chosen research perspective contributed to the characterization of difficulties and the ways of coping with them by juvenile counselors with short professional experience. An important contribution is the “male” and “female” perspective of the work captured in the course of the research. In the analyses made, not only the status of the newcomer was important, but also the observed differences between the realization and implementation of the professional role from the point of view of a woman and a man.

Stress and burnout with remote learning and psychoactive substance use as predictors of students’ psychological well-being during the Covid-19 pandemic

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Engaging in health risk behaviors, along with educational problems, are among the main factors negatively affecting adolescents’ health and mental well-being. However, stress and burnout from remote learning and substance abuse during the Covid- 19 pandemic as predictors of students’ psychological well-being have not yet been studied more extensively in Poland and around the world. With this in mind, the purpose of the study conducted was to see if there was a relationship between stress, school burnout and psychoactive substance use and students’ psychological well-being. Method: The study was conducted via the Internet using the following methods: Remote Learning Burnout Scale, Risk Behavior Questionnaire, Caroll Ryff Brief Mental Well-Being Scale, 1 Question Measurement of Educational Stress. The group of study subjects consisted of 186 adolescents (60% girls) with a mean age of M = 15.93 years (SD = 1.70 years). Results: The data obtained indicate that the most common psychoactive substance used by adolescents was alcohol (38% of students) and nicotine (32% of students). Statistically significant negative associations were confirmed between psychological well-being and stress and burnout with remote learning, as well as more frequent use of tobacco and hanging out with addicts. Remote learning burnout syndrome correlated positively with smoking and marijuana use, as well as alcohol consumption and binge drinking. In the summary regression model, only remote learning burnout and cigarette use proved to be significant predictors, explaining 18% of the variance in the students’ psychological well-being score. Conclusions: The data obtained unequivocally confirmed that effective mental health promotion among adolescents must take into account two key areas of prevention, i.e. strategies for coping with educational cyber-stress and remote learning burnout, as well as psycho-prevention focused on minimizing the risk of young people turning to psychoactive substances.

Changing the model of fatherhood Towards balancing parental roles and building balance between professional and family life

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The subject of theoretical reflections and empirical analysis is the change within one of the key social roles played by men: the role of a father. An essential element of these transformations is the detraditionalization of the fatherhood and family model, associated with moving away from patriarchy and the emancipation of women and men from their traditional social roles. Such a change helps reconcile professional and family roles, improves the professional situation of mothers, and, above all, benefits the child, who gains a father
– a caring guardian, partner, and friend instead of a strict and absent father. Considerations on the change in the fatherhood model are based on a literature review and reinforced by a pilot study conducted through an online survey among pedagogy students regarding their preferred family model, fatherhood, and childcare. In the pilot study, 69 students participated, mostly women (89.9%). The majority (71%) indicated a partnership model, while 25% chose a mixed model. Only one person indicated a traditional model, and no one selected the reversed traditional model. Over 90% of the respondents expect equal involvement of fathers in childcare, while 10% see them in the role of “helpers.” The majority
of the respondents expect men to be regularly involved in household chores and yard work. Nearly half of the participants (N = 28) believe that a mother’s professional work positively
influences a child’s development; N = 12 think it has a negative impact, and N=10 individuals believe it is indifferent. Regarding the father’s employment, these values were similar (30, 11, 10). The most preferred forms of childcare for the respondents are daycare centers (over 70% of respondents) and home care (25%). The majority of respondents (70%) would like to have two or three children, and another 12% – four or more, indicating that the demographic decline is not the result of changing preferences but rather other obstacles.

The ‘Step out of the Shadows’ Project as an Example of Actions Against Violence Towards Women

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The goal of the presented article is to describe the phenomenon of domestic violence among women, as well as the outcomes of the project implemented in Poland in 2022, placing it within a critical discourse. The project was named “Step out of the Shadows.” It was funded by the “Active Citizens – regional fund” Program. The project targeted ten women from the Inowrocław County at risk of social exclusion due to their experience of domestic violence. During the project implementation, using participatory action research, empirical material concerning the needs of women affected by domestic violence was collected. Through the analysis of the empirical material, areas for theory and practice emerged concerning the strategies and forms of activities by support organizations against domestic violence towards women.

Turning points in the relationship between young residents of a disadvantaged neighborhood and local deviant groups A longitudinal case study

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The article presents a reconstruction of turning points in the relationship of teenagers from a disadvantaged neighborhood (DS) (Snyder, Angus, and Sutherland-Smith, 2002) with local deviant groups, obtained from data from a longitudinal qualitative study (Holland, Thomson, Henderson, 2004) conducted with the participation of several now-adult men who once lived in one of such neighborhoods in Łódź. The study revealed an intersubjective perspective on deviant activities of local peer groups and three variants of turning points in the relationships of teenagers with such groups (“rebounding”; “standing up for yourself”; joining an alternative reference group), along with the characteristics of the context that favored
them. These form the core of the article, enriching the discourse on desistance from crime and inspiring a discussion about strength-based rehabilitation in an open environment.